(6)   Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:

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Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization

Amortization expense for intangible assets with finite useful lives was $95 million and $117 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $289 million and $332 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Based on its amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2019, Qurate Retail expects that amortization expense will be as follows for the next five years (amounts in millions):

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Impairments

As a result of Zulily’s recent deteriorating financial performance, Zulily initiated a process to evaluate its current business model and long-term business strategy in light of the challenging retail environment.  Upon completing the evaluation of Zulily’s model and long-term strategy, it was determined that an indication of impairment existed for the Zulily reporting unit related to its tradename and goodwill.  With the assistance of a third party specialist, the fair value of the tradename was determined using the relief from royalty method (Level 3), and an impairment in the amount of $580 million was recorded as of September 30, 2019, in the Impairment of intangible assets line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. With the assistance of a third party specialist, the fair value of the Zulily reporting unit was determined using a discounted cash flow method (Level 3), and an impairment in the amount of $440 million was recorded as of September 30, 2019, in the Impairment of intangible assets line item in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  As of September 30, 2019, the Zulily reporting unit has accumulated goodwill impairment losses of $440 million.

Based on the quantitative assessment performed during the third quarter and the resulting impairment losses recorded, the estimated fair values of the tradename and the Zulily reporting unit do not significantly exceed their carrying values as of September 30, 2019.